Spatial/topographical commands

Commands to apply spatial filtering and interpolation to dense EEG data

Command	Description
Special variables	Built-in variables, such as `${frontal}`
`CLOCS`	Specify EEG channel locations
`SL`	Surface Laplacian spatial filtering
`INTERPOLATE`	Epoch-wise interpolation of bad channels

Special variables

For a standard 64-channel EEG layout, the following convenience labels are automatically defined, i.e. to complement ${eeg} which contains all EEG variables (based on channel labels).

Variable	Channels
`${left}`	FP1 AF7 AF3 F1 F3 F5 F7 FT7 FC5 FC3 FC1 C1 C3 C5 T7 TP7 CP5 CP3 CP1 P1 P3 P5 P7 P9 PO7 PO3 O1
`${midline}`	IZ OZ POZ PZ CPZ FPZ AFZ FZ FCZ CZ
`${right}`	FP2 AF8 AF4 F2 F4 F6 F8 FT8 FC6 FC4 FC2 C2 C4 C6 T8 TP8 CP6 CP4 CP2 P2 P4 P6 P8 P10 PO8 PO4 O2
`${anterior}`	FP1 AF7 AF3 F1 F3 F5 F7 FPZ AFZ FZ FP2 AF8 AF4 F2 F4 F6 F8
`${central}`	FT7 FC5 FC3 FC1 C1 C3 C5 T7 TP7 CP5 CP3 CP1 CPZ FCZ CZ FT8 FC6 FC4 FC2 C2 C4 C6 T8 TP8 CP6 CP4 CP2
`${posterior}`	P1 P3 P5 P7 P9 PO7 PO3 O1 IZ OZ POZ PZ P2 P4 P6 P8 P10 PO8 PO4 O2
`${pre-frontal}`	FP1 FPZ FP2
`${anterio-frontal}`	AF7 AF3 AFZ AF8 AF4
`${mid-central}`	C1 C3 C5 CZ C2 C4 C6
`${centro-parietal}`	CP5 CP3 CP1 CPZ CP6 CP4 CP2
`${frontal}`	F1 F3 F5 F7 FZ F2 F4 F6 F8
`${fronto-central}`	FC5 FC3 FC1 FCZ FC6 FC4 FC2
`${occiptital}`	O1 IZ OZ O2
`${parietal}`	P1 P3 P5 P7 P9 PZ P2 P4 P6 P8 P10
`${parieto-occipital}`	PO7 PO3 POZ PO8 PO4
`${temporal}`	FT7 T7 TP7 FT8 T8 TP8

For example, to only calculate coherence statistics between left and right hemisphere channel pairs:

luna s.lst -o out.db -s 'COH sig1=${left} sig2=${right}'

`CLOCS`

Attach EEG channel locations

A clocs file should consist of 4 tab-delimited columns:

channel label
X, Y and Z Cartesian coordinates

An example channel map for a standard 64-channel EEG montage is available here.

Blank lines and lines starting with either the # or % character are ignored. All channel labels are internally converted to upper case (i.e. matching to EDF channels is case insensitive).

Internally, coordinates are converted to a unit sphere before being used by commands such as SL.

In verbose mode, as well as attaching the coordinates, the command writes the polar and spherical coordinates to the output stream.

Parametes

Option	Description
`file`	Specify which signals to include
`verbose`	Verbose output

Outputs

Verbose channel location information (option: verbose, strata: CH)

Variable	Description
`X`	Original X coordinate (Cartesian)
`Y`	Original Y coordinate (Cartesian)
`Z`	Original Z coordinate (Cartesian)
`SPH_R`	Radius (Spherical)
`SPH_AZ`	Azimuth (Sperhical)
`SPH_E`	Elevation (Sperhical)
`POLAR_ANGLE`	Angle (Polar)
`POLAR_RAD`	Radius (Polar)

Example

to be completed

`SL`

Applies the surface Laplacian spatial filter to dense EEG data

The surface Laplacian (sometimes called Current Source Density, CSD) is a commonly used spatial filter, to increase the topographical specificity of signals, by filtering out very globally-distributed features. The surface Laplacian is applied in the time-domain, via the spherical derivative method of Perrin et al (1987, 1989).

This command requires channel locations to have been previously attached, via the CLOCS command. All signals are assumed to have similar sampling rates.

Kayser & Tenke (2016) provide an excellent review of the logic, parameterization and application of the surface Laplacian.

Parameter	Example	Description
`sig`	`sig=${eeg}`	Specify signals for spatial filtering
`m`	`m=5`	Spline flexibility, default m = 4, higher values = smoother filtering
`order`	`order=20`	Order of the Legendre polynomial, default = 10
`lambda`	`lambda=1e-3`	Regularization parameter, default = 1e-5

Output

There is no explicit output; the internal EDF channels will reflect the spatially-filtered EEG channels. They can be written to a new EDF, e.g. with a subsequent WRITE command.

Example

To get power spectra for spatially-filtered signals:

luna s.lst -o out.db -s 'CLOCS file=clocs & SL sig=${eeg} & PSD sig=${eeg} spectrum'

`INTERPOLATE`

Epoch-wise interpolation of bad channels

The INTERPOLATE command performs spherical spline interpolation (following Perrin et al (1989)) to interpolate data previously flagged by the CHEP-MASK or CHEP commands as "bad". As well as interpolating whole channels, this command can interpolate different patterns of missing channels on an epoch-by-epoch basis. That is, as sleep recordings can be long, one does not necessarily want to refject an entire channel if it has hours of clean data.

Channel locations must have been previously attached via the CLOCS command. The data must be EPOCHed prior to running this command.

Parametes

Option	Description
`sig`	Specify which channels/signals to include

Outputs

No explicit output. The internal EDF will reflect the interpolated set of channels. After interpolation, this command clears the CHEP mask.

Example

As we illustrate in this vignette, here we use the INTERPOLATE command to clean up hdEEG data. See the vignette and the documentation for CHEP-MASK and CHEP for more details.[

luna Subj1.edf -o ss_psd3.db -s ' CHEP-MASK ch-th=2
                                & CHEP channels=0.3 dump
                                & CLOCS file=clocs 
                                & INTERPOLATE
                                & SIGSTATS epoch
                                & PSD spectrum max=35'

The left matrix shows the epochs, as identified by CHEP-MASK and CHEP, that the INTERPOLATE command will interpolate; the right plot shows the PSD before and after QC and interpolation.

Normally, one would want to specify a WRITE command following interpolation, i.e. in order to save the interpolated data and so not need to repeat this step.